This mode is used when the action of the secondary clause co-occurs simultaneously with the action of the main clause.
Preverbs often introduce the verbs in this mode, because the meaning of the preverb sets up the phrase in a way that a conjunct sub-phrase of this mode is needed. Some verbs incorporate the preverb as a root into the verb stem and consequently use this conjunct mode without a preverb.
The changed conjunct mode uses initial change plus the conjunct endings.
VII Conjunct Endings (Vowel ending stems)
Conjugation paradigm | Meaning |
---|---|
(stem)-(k) | 3rd sg: it, them — |
Negative Conjugation paradigm | Meaning |
---|---|
Ustah (stem)-(kw) | 3rd sg: it, them —- not |
Example using ksutaaw vii it is warm with the preverb aanih-– because
Aānih-ksutaak.
Because it is warm. (Because they are warm).
Ustah aanih-ksutaakw.
Because it is not warm. Because they are not warm.
More examples using the preverb aanih-
aanih pv because, in the way it… or how it …
Wŭnút aanih-mxaak.
It is pretty because it is big.
Wunut aanih- ustah -mxahtaak.
Its pretty because it is not snowing a lot.
Tahaθuw aanih-mxahtaak.
It is cold because it is snowing a lot.
tahaθuw vii it is cold
Mxih wŭnút aanih-wunahkamaak.
It is very good because it is a good day.
(wunahkamaaw vii be a good day)
Ustah wunahkamaawih aanih- ustah mxahtaakw.
It is not a good day because it is not snowing a lot..
Examples using the preverb aatan-–
aatan-– when or where
Ustah ahtaawih aatan-mxahtaak.
It wasn't there when it snowed a lot.
VIIs ending in consonants interact phonologically with the conjunct endings slightly differently than vowel ending verb stems.
VII Conjunct (Consonant ending stems)
Stem type | Final ending | Example | End result |
---|---|---|---|
(stem-n)+(k) | (stem-k) | chiinxun+k | chiinxuk |
(stem-at)+(k) | (stem-ahk) | wuniipookwat+k | waaniipookwahkw |
(stem-ut)+(k) | (stem-ihk) | wunut+k | waanihk |
chiinxun vii makes noise, sound (John3.8)
Chiinxun.
It makes noise.
Chiinxunah.
They make noise.
Aānih-chiinxuk.
Because it makes noise. Because they make noise.
Nih wuniipookwat?
Does it taste good? Do they taste good?
Aānih-wuniipookwahk.
Because it is tastes good. Because they taste good.
Wunut.
It is nice.
Wunutah.
They are nice.
Aānih-wunihk.
Because it is nice. Because they are nice.
VII Negative Conjunct (Consonant ending stems)
singular |
---|
ustah (stem)-ookw |
Examples using anaxun vii be empty ; wuniipookwat vii taste good ; anut vii be rotten
Aānih-anaxuk.
Because it is empty. Because they are empty.
Ustah aanih-anaxunookw.
Because it is not empty. Because they are not empty.
Aānih-wuniipookwahk.
Because it tastes good. Because they taste good.
Ustah aanih-wuniipookwatookw.
Because it does not taste good.
Aānih-aníhk
Because it rotted. Because they rotted.
Ustah aanih-anútookw
Because it, they rotted not.
Examples using the preverb aatan-– when or where
Kiipihnaan aatan-ksáxuk.
They (inan.) fall when its windy.
Wuláhkamaaw aatanih- ustah -sookŭnąąnookw.
When it is not raining its a nice day.
VIIs with unstable stems
VIIs with Unstable Stems Ending in -ąą
Some VIIs with stems ending in -ąą shift this vowel to -aa before 3rd person neutral mode w endings.
Neutral mode negative constructs also cause the vowel to shift to -aa-.
The true stem vowel -ąą- is used before conjunct endings.
These verb stems are referred to as ‘unstable’ because of this shift in the stem ending vowel.
Stable stems exist which end in -aa but these stems use the same vowel in all verb forms.
Mode | Stem vowel | Ending added | Negatives |
---|---|---|---|
Indic Indep Sg | (stem-ąą) | (stem-aaw) | ustah (stem-aawih) |
Indic Indep Pl | (stem-ąą) | (stem-aawan*) | ustah (stem-aawiin**) |
Conjunct | (stem-ąą) | (stem-ąąk) | ustah (stem-ąąkw) |
*contracts to aan
**contracted from aawiiwan
VII Unstable Stems Ending in (ii)
Some VIIs listed as ending in (-uw) actually have stems ending in (ii):
Such stems morph the (ii) to (u) when a 3rd person ‘’w ending’‘ is added.
The true stem vowel (-ii) is used before conjunct endings and in neutral mode negative constructs. This behavior differs from the unstable (ąą) stems.
Endings type | Inflection Result | Negatives |
---|---|---|
(stem-ii) + indic mode endings | (stem-uw) | ustah (stem-iiwih) |
(stem-ii) + plural indic mode endings | (stem-uwan) | ustah (stem-iiwiin) |
(stem-ii) + conjunct endings | (stem-iik) | ustah (stem-iikw) |
Examples:
Pasíhnaaw.
It is split in two.
Ustah wunutóowih aanih-pasíhnąąk.
Its not pretty because it split in two.
(vii's ending in -ihnaaw have unstable stems in -ąą)
Θookahnaaw.
It spilled.
Ustah wunutoowih aanih-θookahnąąk.
It is no good because it spilled.
Kahnah niipan chąąchupaayuwan.
My arrows really are sharp.
chąąchupaayuw vii-ii be sharp, pointed (s110)
Stah niipan chąąchupaayiiwiin.
My arrows are not sharp. (s33)
Wunut aanih- niipan -chąąchupaayiik.
It is good that my arrows are sharp.